Multiple disadvantage
An overview
CFE has built extensive expertise in evaluating programmes that seek to improve outcomes for people experiencing multiple disadvantage, including homelessness, substance and alcohol misuse, poor mental health, domestic abuse and contact with the criminal justice system. For over 12 years, we evaluated programmes that sought to stabilise and improve the lives of people by transforming service delivery to create more integrated, collaborative and person-centred services and driving sustainable system-level change. We worked closely with people with lived experience, service providers, national and local stakeholders, and evaluation steering groups to ensure our research was robust and grounded. Our approach combined quantitative and qualitative methods, including longitudinal participant surveys, systems mapping, social network analysis, participatory workshops and analysis of service use data.
Examples of our work
Changing Futures programme evaluation
The challenge
People experiencing multiple disadvantage often struggle to access coordinated, person-centred support. Services are frequently fragmented, leaving people without the stability and opportunities they need to rebuild their lives.
Our role
Commissioned by the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government, CFE with Cordis Bright and the University of Sheffield conducted a four-year, theory-based process, impact and economic evaluation of the £91.8 million Changing Futures programme across 15 areas in England. Using mixed methods – including participant surveys, stakeholder interviews, systems mapping and qualitative research – we explored how the programme supported individuals, transformed local services, and influenced wider systems of care. A feasibility study for a quasi-experimental design was also delivered.
Impact
Our reports highlight how Changing Futures has helped people sustain recovery, rebuild family relationships, and contribute to their communities. It evidences how trauma-informed, multi-agency approaches improve service integration and influence local strategies. The findings provide government and partners with a robust evidence base to guide future support for people experiencing multiple disadvantage.
Evaluation of the National Lottery Community Fund’s Fulfilling Lives programme
The challenge
People experiencing combinations of homelessness, substance and alcohol misuse, poor mental health and contact with the criminal justice system often experience fragmented support. Services frequently respond to single issues in isolation, leaving individuals caught in cycles of disadvantage and creating high costs to public services.
Our role
CFE Research, alongside the University of Sheffield, led the national evaluation of the Fulfilling Lives programme from 2013 to 2022. Working with 12 local partnerships, people with lived experience, and a wide range of stakeholders, we tracked outcomes for over 4,000 participants. Our evaluation combined longitudinal data analysis with in-depth qualitative research, participatory workshops and systems mapping to understand what worked, where, and why.
Impact
The evaluation showed that personalised, trauma-informed approaches led to reductions in homelessness, arrests and A&E use, while improving wellbeing and self-reliance. It also highlighted how involving lived experience and cross-sector collaboration strengthens local systems. Learning from Fulfilling Lives has shaped the design of national programmes, including Changing Futures, embedding multiple disadvantage firmly on the policy agenda.
Other sectors we work in
We work across diverse fields, tailoring our research expertise to deliver clear, trusted insights. Our adaptable approach means we apply rigorous research across varied contexts, always focused on learning, clarity, and positive change.
Adult learning and skills
We investigate how adult education and skills training can support employment, inclusion, and personal development. Our work informs national and local policy, ensuring that adult learning meets the needs of individuals and the economy.
STEM
CFE has a strong track record of evaluating initiatives that inspire and inform children and young people about STEM subjects and careers. Our work spans curriculum resources, enrichment activities and school partnerships, helping to debunk myths, raise aspirations, and improve attainment.
Let’s work together
Whether you need a long-term evaluation partner or a rapid evidence review, we’re here to help. Get in touch to explore how we can support your goals.
